The archive · Subject catalogue
Networks and fees | Numiscue subject catalogue
Follow what happens when a network processes a transaction: who agrees on the result, which chain holds the balance and how the cost is charged. These records, the layer guide and the reference tools cover network structure, token roles, address formats and the waits that can accompany moving assets.
Avalanche: subnets, L1s and where your AVAX lives
Avalanche runs three chains in its Primary Network plus independent L1s. For a holder the practical question is which chain a balance is sitting on.
Cardano: what the roadmap has actually delivered
Cardano ships in named eras and publishes its supply figures on chain. This record states what has already shipped and what the reserve drawdown means.
Chainlink: what LINK actually does in the network
LINK is what node operators are paid in for publishing data. Separating that working demand from speculative holding is the whole question for this token.
Polkadot: staking, governance and the unbonding wait
Most DOT is staked, and stakers cannot leave quickly. The 28-day unbonding period and two governance votes on issuance are the facts that shape this token.
Toncoin: the Telegram link, and what it depends on
TON's distribution advantage comes from Telegram. That relationship is the strongest thing about the network and the concentration risk, in one sentence.
TRON (TRX): why transfers look free, and the real cost
TRON transfers often cost nothing when you send them. The cost was paid earlier by staking TRX for Bandwidth and Energy, or it is paid by burning TRX.
Layer 1 vs layer 2: what the difference costs you
Start from the fee you pay and the wait you sit through, not an architecture diagram. Then bridging risk and the chain-mismatch problem make sense.
Which chain might this address format belong to?
Paste an address to identify its format family, verify available checksums, and see when the format cannot identify a network. Nothing leaves your browser.
Consensus mechanisms compared, without ranking them
Block timing, how finality is reached, what it takes to participate and the known trade-offs, for each mechanism used by the assets in this archive.
On-chain fee models compared across chains
Chains charge in different ways: flat fees, gas auctions, rented resources. The model stays true when the price does not, so this page describes models.
ERC-20, BEP-20, TRC-20 and SPL: what a token standard actually defines
Compare ERC-20, BEP-20, TRC-20 and Solana token rules: required functions, authority fields, and what each standard leaves for a holder to verify.